Email DNS

Email authentication triage

Email authentication problems usually require reading several DNS records together. MX, SPF, DMARC, and related TXT records provide public signals, but final delivery depends on provider behavior too.

Details

What to know

1

Start with MX records

MX records show where a domain says mail should be delivered. If MX is missing or unexpected, SPF and DMARC may not explain the real delivery issue.

2

Check SPF lookup and syntax signals

SPF records can fail because of missing records, duplicate records, include chains, syntax issues, or lookup depth. Treat SPF output as a DNS configuration signal.

3

Review DMARC policy carefully

DMARC policy, alignment mode, reporting addresses, and enforcement level affect how receivers may treat mail. A parser can help, but provider dashboards remain the source of delivery truth.

4

Avoid overclaiming deliverability

Passing public DNS checks does not guarantee inbox placement. Reputation, content, sending infrastructure, authentication alignment, and receiver rules still matter.

Related tools